improvements of our youth criminal justice system Essay

When thinking about youth crime do you envision a country with a high rate of young offenders, gang activity and re-offending? Or do you envision a country with a significant increase of young offenders either being successfully reintegrated into society, or helped by a community when seeking forgiveness for a minor offence that they have committed? Since the passing of Bill C-7 or the Youth Criminal Justice Act on February 4, 2002 by the House of Commons, many significant improvements have been made in Canada’s youth criminal justice system on how to handle and care for young offenders. Some of the reasons why Bill C-7 was passed in Canada was because the bill before it, Young Offenders Act, had many problems and suffered large amounts†¦show more content†¦These measures usually involve small group gatherings consisting of the offender, the victim and a third party at a community based level; the process of Extrajudicial Measures must usually remain incomplete until a reasonable solution is negotiated between the three parties. Although the Young Offenders Act allowed the use of alternative measures or diversions (Philip Rosen,2000) also known as Extrajudicial Measures as in the YCJA, little details were given as to their purpose or to what constitutes appropriate use of these measures. According to statistics by Cheryl Engler Shannon Crowe (2000), â€Å"For every 10,000 youth in Canada, 135 participated in alternative measures† (highlights). These Statistics clearly show the lack of knowledge on these measures as they represent the amount of times the courts have implemented them. In order to clarify when and why these methods are supposed to be implemented, parliament further detailed the term alternative measures within the Youth Criminal Justice Acts renaming the term to Extrajudicial Measures. â€Å"Police-reported data show that charges were laid or recommended against 42% of youth accused of a Criminal Code offence in 2006, whil e 58% of youth accused were given a warning, caution, referral to a community or extrajudicial ...† (Andrea Taylor-Butts Angela Bressan, 2009). As we can clearly see with the passing of the Youth Criminal Justice Act, large numbers of youngShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency : Should Severity Of Punishment For Young Offenders Be The Same As Adults?1200 Words   |  5 Pageshighly-comprehensive policies and economic system. Along with the inclusive developments, â€Å"the law affects nearly every aspect of our lives every day† (â€Å"Canada’s System of Justice†, 2015, p. 1), including laws for crimes, rules of conduct, and solutions of conflicts. As one of the developed countries among the world, Canada’s national government has developed a complete justice system with a series of laws, sentences, punishments, and programs. This system is aiming to avoid the occurrence of crimesRead MoreSummary : It s A War Going On 1215 Words   |  5 Pagesbla ck and latino youth are pipelined directly into the criminal justice system through different institutions starting at a young age. These boys are marked for illegitimate gang activity at an early age, initiating the ongoing process where they are stigmatized in every aspect of their life for their negative credentials before they even have the opportunity to prove themselves. Victor Rios, author of Punished, names this phenomenon the Youth Control Complex and shadows several youth in the OaklandRead MoreCrime and Youth Care Facility1116 Words   |  5 PagesAMENDMENTS IN THE JUVENILE JUSTICE amp; WELFARE ACT OF 2006 (AFFIRMATIVE SIDE/ PRO – FOR DEBATE) Few days ago, the Senate approved on final reading a bill amending Republic Act No. 9344, otherwise known as the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006, in order to improve its implementation. I AM IN FAVOR OF THIS GREAT ACT BY OUR LAWMAKERS. We all know that Republic Act No. 9344 has been intended to protect the welfare of children in conflict with the law, majority of who are guilty of pettyRead MoreThe Issue For The Social Work Profession912 Words   |  4 Pagescritical policy that arguably pushes more minority boys out of school and into the criminal justice system. As many refuse to try to connect present day issues of race within law enforcement, this issue is a pressing issue for the social work profession. Battling against a social injustice issue as such, that presents with so many disproportionate, becomes difficult in working with youth in Ward 7. To hear the youth say, â€Å"Why does any of this matter, when I walk outside my door and can be arrestedRead MoreReflective Paper : Healing Justice1392 Words   |  6 PagesReflective Paper: Healing Justice As per viewing the video â€Å"Healing Justice† they interaction between the punishment justice system and the healing system have two very distinct opinion and methods. The first nation view if someone changes their ways negatively they cause find their way back. As far as the legal justice system they believe, â€Å"if you did the crime you do the time†. In order to be able to have a full understanding of why the aboriginal push the issue of a holist’s justice, we first need toRead MoreJuvenile Justice And Juvenile Delinquency1675 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile Justice has been a work in progress from the beginning of the program because of the evolving mentality of the generations. The purpose of Juvenile Justice was to correct the behavior of the juvenile delinquents and rehabilitation through a probationary period monitored by an individual who paid for bail and periodically reported behavior changes to courts. (Mulligan 2009) We do justice to the youth offenders by understanding the history of Juvenile Justice restorative programs, the alternativesRead Moreâ€Å"Young Men Think Of The Streets As Providing Both Structure1700 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Young men think of the streets as providing both structure and love when family members are unable or willing to be there for them† (Fader, p.106). Unfortunately, this concept is a sad reality for many youth today. This passage was important because it is a reality that stretches beyond one race, age or gender. Although this text refers specifically to young men of color it can be applied to any juvenile without a stable family and home environment. Almost all of the young men Fader discussed inRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Offenders699 Words   |  3 Pages(pre-teens) and adults for thousands of years, and the question how to deal with the youth of a culture, in a punishment sense, has been with us for just as long. Socrates, for example, stated that children show little respect for there elders. Since Socrates time largely due to the spread of guns and drugs, younger and younger children are committing violent crimes. Children that have special needs or have committed a criminal act have been subject to state protection since, 1838. The first juvenile courtRead MoreThe Rehabilitee Process Of Juvenile Delinquency Essay1293 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rehabilitee Process of Juvenile Delinquency Much with the Correction system, its purpose to keep offenders away from the general public in order to serve as assisting them into becoming more well-adjusted and law abiding adult’s in the future. Within these institutions, rehabilitation programs that are provided allow these juvenile offenders to be able to adjust their behavior. Though some use these institutes just for the ability of imprisonment, these management programs may help the individualRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Juvenile Justice Summary1582 Words   |  7 PagesMedina’s text, â€Å"Why the U.S. juvenile justice system needs serious reform,† she presents three main claims. The main claim is that the juvenile justice system is inhumane. The secondary claim is that the system is ineffective. Lastly, the third claim is that the system is expensive. In her first claim, in which she states that the system is inhumane. That stands for â€Å"Without compassion for misery and suffering; cruel.† She carries reasons why the juvenile justice system is cruel. The first example shows

The Agricultural And Food Sciences - 1713 Words

UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES Internationally Educated Agrologists Post-Baccalaureate Diploma Program (IEAP) AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA AGRI 4000-PRACTICING THE PROFESSION OF AGROLOGIST Nathaniel Akinkunmi 7764897 Introduction The agriculture industry in Nigeria has opportunities that are not maximized due to challenges it is facing. Background Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa with a population of 177,155,754 and was governed by the British government till October 1st, 1960 when Nigeria gained independence. The Capital of Nigeria is Abuja located in the centre of the country. Nigeria is located in West Africa between Benin and Cameroon. Natural resources include natural†¦show more content†¦Food security is still a major issue in Nigeria as a large percentage of the societies are agrarian societies. The government has to concentrate more on the development of modern technology and increase financial investment in the agricultural sector. Nigerian agricultural productivity is still low when compared to major producers in the world (FAO, 2013). It has both human and natural resources that can make it to be among the best economies in the world. Nigeria has been working on reform agenda for the past few years. Furthermore, economic growth is targeted towards domestic market. This is driven by strong performance of agriculture, trade, telecommunications and manufacturing sectors. However, this strong economic growth has not led to higher employment rates. Unemployment is still a major issue in Nigeria. The government addresses the public’s dissatisfaction in its governance with promises to make job creation a priority. Nigerian government is targeting information communication technology (ICT), entertainment, meat, leather, and construction and tourism industries for job creation. Nigeria is made up of about 200 ethnic groups. There are more than 400 languages in Nigeria. The main ethnic groups are Hausa-Fulani in the North, Ibo in the Southeast and Yoruba in the Southwest. Nigeria plays a key role in the African Union, the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), and the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS)(The World Bank,

The Masquerades of War Free Essays

William Westmoreland proclaims, â€Å"War is fear cloaked in courage. † Tim O’brien, Lily Lee Adams, and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. We will write a custom essay sample on The Masquerades of War or any similar topic only for you Order Now composed literary works that disclose the different degrees of fear and absurdity aroused by war. â€Å"Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy? â€Å", â€Å"The Friendship Only Lasted A Few Seconds†, and â€Å"The Declaration of Independeance From the War in Vietnam† each express characters who encounter war in varying yet mutual ways. The characters from each composition endure the troubles of war either inside or outside of the battle field. The writings intertwine into a stream of consciousness as fear, false facade, and hope for humanity blend the three pieces of literature together. â€Å"Falsehood is easy; truth so difficult,† George Eliot announces. This remains true for both the cases of Paul Berlin and the nurse from Lily Lee Adams’ poem. Private First Class Paul Berlin â€Å"was pretending he was not in the war, pretending he had not watched Billy Boy Watkins die of a heart attack that afternoon. He pretended he was not a soldier† (622). The soldier bears a severe weight of fear inside him when he witnesses the death of a cohort in the war who dies of a heart attack.Although Berlin remains uneasy and faces a constant attack of cowardice, he curtains this and replaces his fear with a guise of bravery. In the poem by Lily Lee Adams, the nurse also withstands fear while she ponders, â€Å"How can the world understand any of this? † She doubts that she â€Å"can keep the world from forgetting† the lives that slowly fade as she holds them during their last seconds of living (629). Unlike Paul Berlin, the nurse does not pretend, but she becomes whoever she needs to be for the dying soldiers.She becomes a mother, she represents Mary, she turns into a friend even though â€Å"the friendship only lasted a few seconds. † â€Å"I never lied,† expresses the nurse; however, Berlin continues to pretend that â€Å"In the morning, when they reached the sea, it would be better† (622). The nurse of Lily Lee Adam’s poem narrates in first person point of view, while the story remains in third person limited. In the story, Paul Berlin laughs at the thought of Billy Boy Watkins â€Å"succumbing to a heart attack suffered while under enormous stress† (6 26). He finds this as an escape from his own stress and fear of his position. As the writer Kurt Vonnegutt mentions, â€Å"humor is an almost psychological response to fear;† therefore, Berlin hides his fear by laughing at the idea of death. Though honestly, he yearns for relief and wishes to forget, and â€Å"he tried not to think† of Billy Boy Watkin’s death (623). However, the nurse desires for people to remember what the soldiers are dying for as she asks the question, â€Å"How can I keep the world from forgetting? † (629). Despite their discrepancies, both characters acquire courage during the times they need it most, which helps them endure the misery heaped upon them by the war. Dr.Martin Luther King and Tim O’brien wrote about different acts of falsehood. Dr. King exclaims that Americans are facing the â€Å"cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on TV screens as they kill and die together for a nation that has been unable to seat them together in the same schools† (641). Also, the presence of irony occurs in Tim O’Brien’s short story when Paul Berlin reacts strangely to Billy Boy Watkin’s death. He covers his fear by pretending that Billy’s death remains â€Å"a good joke,† but inside, he knows that â€Å"even when he smelled salt and heard the sea, he could not stop being afraid† (627).Both writings reach out to their audience about the importance of accepting the truth. Dr. King elaborates on how America should not send her young black and white men to Southeast Asia to help them gain liberty when liberty in America between these races remain untrue in places like â€Å"southwest Georgia and East Harlem† (640). The story differs from the speech in that the story represents a work of fiction, while Dr. King’s speech resembles a non-fiction essay. The speech displays a first person point of view, while the story exhibits a third person limited point of view.Paul Berlin of the short story undergoes hypocrisy when he acts that fear of death and all the stress of the war remains unreal. He becomes fraudulent when he imagines that â€Å"he would never let on how frightened he had been. ‘Not so bad,’ he would say instead, making his father feel proud (623). Dr. King’s speech speaks against this kind of hypocrisy in which soldiers pretend and â€Å"kill and die together† and unite in â€Å"brutal solidarity† during war when they treat each other with disrespect and prejudiced ways back at home. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Tim O’brien both show in their ompositions war attains the ability to stir conflict within the people involved. War creates inexplicable emotions which remain baffling to people outside of the war front, but these emotions, whether they be false, forced, true, or kept hidden, allow soldiers to bear extreme hardships in times of extreme tribulations. Hiram Johnson reminds people, â€Å"Truth is the first casualty of war. † Both Lily Lee Adams and Dr. King express that adhering to the truth may only make war worse; therefore, soldiers pretend to be allies during war and nurses become the loved ones of the dying soldiers. Both characters become what they need to be at the time. Even though they bear false facades, the growth of friendship remains inevitable during battle. The American soldiers become united despite their differences and disagreements at home. The nurse becomes a true friend despite the brevity of the friendship. Both the poem and the speech reaches out to their audience and to America and asks them to realize the effects of the war and for it to change. However, a dying soldier says, â€Å"I don’t believe this, I’m dying for nothing† in the poem (629). This soldier feels that he failed his mission to serve justice in Vietnam. He desires for the world to understand and truly feel the pain and suffering he faced. Dr. King proclaims that â€Å"we must find new ways to speak for peace in Vietnam and justice throughout the developing world- a world that borders on our doors† (641). The poem notes that soldiers are dying to protect the poor people of Vietnam, but Dr. King’s speech discloses on the fact that the manipulation of the poor continues in Vietnam while American soldiers unite â€Å"burning the huts of a poor village, but we realize that they would never live on the same block in Detroit† (640).Although war remains mostly miserable, it unites the people involved. These parts of war help soldiers, nurses, and enemies to help each other out and let aside their differences. They unite in times of war and form a true bond. The nurse did the best she could for the soldiers, her friends. Dr. King whishes America to do the best she can as well. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , Tim O’Brien, and Lily Lee Adams composed laudable works that deal with characters who endure the worst aspects of war. â€Å"The Declaration of Independence From the War in Vietnam,† â€Å"Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy? , and â€Å"The Friendship Only Lasted A Few Seconds† prove that truth and fear weave a balance of feelings that help people endure during times of serious distress. Without people’s different ways of handling emotions towards fear and their acceptance of the truth during war, every soldier, fighter, nurse, and observer would rupture into madness and dissipate deep into the abyss of hopelessness and oppression. People need to remember what war instigates and comprehend that as Isaac Asimov remarked, â€Å"It is not only the living who are killed in war. â€Å" How to cite The Masquerades of War, Papers

Prehistoric Art~Cave Paintings Essay Example For Students

Prehistoric Art~Cave Paintings Essay Many have agreed that survival ND ceremonial reasons contribute the most to the meaning behind the cave art. Some still believe they were being decorative, and some of them might have been, but we dont really know. We wonder where the idea first started, this form of art. I think that someone wanted to express their feelings by showing it to others and they started drawing it out. They didnt have any other ores urges, so they just used the walls of the cave. This grew into a common system throughout the people, and eventually it grew towards the art we have today. It may not seem like it, but its true. Everything has a base, and cave nettings were the base to the art we have today. Thats why I think they are so important and people should really learn more about them, It was a magnificent accomplishment, in my opinion. It provided a way to show telling. This also contributes to the purpose of the cave art, Novo that people could show their feelings, I think they gained more confidence in themselves. After a good hunt, they might have created a drawing on the wall so that everyone could see their success. That was a big factories their confidence levels because they were able to actually show people their successes and be admired for them. What feelings were the people trying to portray? I think that survival was one of the main things the people expressed, because that was their life. Their life Vass characterized by hunting and animals. This is why there are so many animals in cave paintings, because that was their way Of surviving. ROR the cave people, art served as life, art and reality were one, and the image was the animal. This quote describes these people very well. Once they discovered art, it become a part of their life and they used it to portray their life, which, like said before, was mostly about animals and hunting. There are some cave paintings that are not animals, though. Some are of the people instead. I think that the paintings were strictly based on what the people were thinking or what they saw. They kept it simple, but it still had so much meaning. Some shamans are said to have used the cave art as a ceremonial resource. It was a way to make something permanent, by putting it on the wall, One example is when a group of people would show that they agreed with the shaman by putting their handprint on the wall, This helped tremendously with the start of expressing beliefs and opinions, It is also interesting to look at the tools the people used to make these paintings. They did not have many resources back then, so they created their own, We look back at the tools used in the Lascar Cave. There were various byes of tools; engraving tools, pigments, painting tools, and others. The engraving tools they used were, obviously, rocks and stones. But they used the rocks and stones very creatively. The pigments they used were mostly made up of minerals such as clay and hematite. This did not provide them with many colors, which is why all of the paintings have basically the same color scheme. After a While, the artists of the Lascar started experimenting and created a type of crayons. They did this by adding juices from plants and fat from animals to their pigments. This helped a lot when trying to paint on different textured surfaces throughout the cave. The artists became even more creative whenever they started using tubes and other things to create different patterns. Bones were also used to help create the paintings by helping making pigments or different shaped tools. Never really know the true meanings behind all of the various cave paintings, but we do have good theories. Survival, ceremonial, expression, and even magical theories have been proposed regarding these early works of art, and no one theory has been 100% proven, but I like the mystery to the paintings. .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 , .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .postImageUrl , .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 , .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8:hover , .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8:visited , .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8:active { border:0!important; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8:active , .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8 .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7e1d7047855ff479c20da23a6489cbc8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Our Hearts Grow Tender with Childhood Memories EssayIt makes them more interesting to me, which helps me experience the expressions the artist wanted to portray when they made the paintings. But, it goes without saying; cave art is the base of art today and is very important in the timeline, We can still relate back to cave art today, which means it was important. As Marshall Mclean said, Ads are the cave art of the 12th century. They will always be a crucial part of art history.